Mitengo yemagetsi yaderera ne19%! Spain yakunda mitengo yemafuta echisikigo iri kukwira nesimba rezuva nemhepo.

Kuendeswa kukuru kwe Simba Rinodzokororwa muSpain kwakaita kuti mitengo yemagetsi isiyane nemitengo yegasi rechisikigo yepasi rose, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwe19% mu mabhiri emagetsi edzimba.

Uyu ndiwo mhedziso huru yemushumo wakabudiswa nhasi nesangano rezvepfungwa reEmber. Mushumo uyu unoongorora shanduko mumitengo yemagetsi muEurope yose, yakabatana nekushomeka kukuru kwehupfumi: gakava reRussia neUkraine ra2022, hondo yeUS neIsrael neIran, uye kuvharwa kweStrait of Hormuz, izvo zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwemitengo munyika dzinoverengeka dzeEurope.

Kukwira kwemitengo kwacho kwakanyanya kuoneka munyika dzinoshandisa mafuta efossil. Semuenzaniso, Ember anotsanangura Italy se "inonyanya kushandisa gasi" kupfuura Spain, nemutengo wemagetsi wepakati we €143/MWh (inenge US$165.9/MWh), nepo mutengo wemagetsi weSpain uri pasi pechikamu chimwe muzvitatu cheizvozvo, uri €42/MWh chete.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti, zvichienderana nedata raEmber, bhiri remafuta emwedzi wega wega remhuri yeSpain rava pasi ne19% pane raive muna 2021 apo mitengo yemafuta echisikigo yakabatana zvakanyanya nekuwanikwa kwepasi rose, zvakaenzana nekuchengetedza kwe€10 pamhuri pamwedzi.

Kubvisa Mitengo yeMagetsi Kubva paMitengo yeGasi reChisikigo

Kubatanidzwa kwemitengo yemagetsi eSpain kubva pamitengo yegasi rechisikigo pasi rose ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekudzikira kwemari yemagetsi. Ember anoti kupatsanurwa uku kwakakonzerwa nekuwedzera kwesimba remagetsi rinogona kushandiswazve, izvo zvakaderedza simba remagetsi rechisikigo pamusanganiswa wesimba.

Zvichienderana nedata raEmber, mhepo ne Simba rezuva Kugadzirwa kwegesi muSpain kwakawedzera ne37% pakati pa2021 na2025, zvichireva kuti mumwedzi mishanu yekutanga ya2026, gasi rechisikigo richangokanganisa 9% chete yemaawa ari musanganiswa wesimba renyika.

Kusiyana neizvi, muna 2021, gasi rechisikigo rakakanganisa 52% yemaawa muSpain. Chati iri pazasi, kubva kuna Ember, inoratidza kukanganisa kwemitengo yegasi rechisikigo pasi rose pamitengo yesimba reSpain panguva yehondo mbiri dzepasi rose: gakava reRussia neUkraine nehondo yaisanganisira US, Israel, neIran.

Musiyano wacho wakanyanya kujeka kana tichienzanisa neItaly. Ember anofungidzira kuti mumwedzi mishanu yekutanga yegore rino, gasi rechisikigo rakakanganisa 75% yemaawa emusanganiswa wesimba reItaly, kanopfuura kasere pane Spain.

Chinokosha ndechekuti Spain iri kugadzirisa matambudziko ayo emukati nekuwedzera kaviri mari yayo mumagetsi anogona kushandiswazve. Muna Kubvumbi 2025, grid yemagetsi yeIberia yakasangana nekudzima magetsi zvakanyanya, asi Spain haina kudzokera pakugadzira magetsi efossil. Pane kudaro, yakasarudza kuwedzera chikamu chayo chesimba rinogona kushandiswazve kugadzirisa dambudziko iri kukuchengetedzwa kwegrid.

Muna Mbudzi wapfuura, hurumende yeSpain yakapasisa mutemo unotsigira kusimba kwegrid uye kuiswa kwe Bhatiri Masisitimu Ekuchengetera Simba (BESS)Data reEmber rinoratidza kuti kubva pakadzima magetsi, Spain yakawedzera avhareji ye1.3 GW yesimba rezuva nemhepo pamwedzi, yakakwira zvishoma pane 1.2 GW pamwedzi gore rapfuura.

"Kudyara mari kwakawanda kwenguva refu muSpain mumagetsi emhepo nezuva kuri kubatsira, zvichidzivirira vatengi kubva pakuchinja-chinja kwemitengo yemafuta efosili," akadaro Criss Rosslowe, nyanzvi yemagetsi mukuru weEurope kuEmber. "Kugadziriswa kwakaitwa mushure mekudzima magetsi muna Kubvumbi kwakatungamira kuchinja kwesimba uye kwakawedzera kugadzikana kwemitengo yemagetsi."

Kugadzirisa Kudzvinyirirwa

Chikamu cheBattery Energy Storage System (BESS) chakakosha zvikuru nekuti grid yeIberian inoda kusimbiswa zvakanyanya. Izvi hazvisi zvekungogadzirisa kudzimwa kwemagetsi chete asiwo kuderedza dambudziko rekudzimwa kwemagetsi rakapararira pagrid yeSpain—grid iyi yagara ichinetseka kuti iwane simba rakawanda remagetsi rinogona kushandiswazve rakabatanidzwa mugrid mumakore achangopfuura. Data kubva kukambani yeSpanish grid Red Eléctrica inoratidza kuti kudzimwa kwesimba remagetsi kwakawedzera kubva pa0.1 TWh muna 2021 kusvika pa4.6 TWh muna 2025, nepo mutengo wegore negore wekugadzirisa magetsi wakawedzera kubva pa€1.3 bhiriyoni kusvika pa€3.8 bhiriyoni munguva imwe chete. Nokudaro, kusimbisa grid yeSpain chinhu chakakosha, kubva pakuchengetedza simba uye pakuchengetedza mari.

Nezvekuchengetwa kwesimba, Spain ine chinangwa chekusvika pa22.5 GW yekugona kuchengetedza simba rekushanda panosvika gore ra2030. Ember anofanotaura kuti huwandu hwemagetsi anoshanda masisitimu ekuchengetera mabhatiri muSpain zvichapetwa kana kana pakati pa2025 na2026.